fpt(f)fpt(L, m)Given a polynomial $f$ with coefficients in a finite field, the function fpt attempts to find the exact value for the $F$-pure threshold of $f$ at the origin, and returns that value, if possible. Otherwise, it returns lower and upper bounds for the $F$-pure threshold.
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When the option UseSpecialAlgorithms is set to true (the default value), fpt first checks whether $f$ is a diagonal polynomial, a binomial, a form in two variables, or a product of factors in simple normal crossing. If $f$ is either a diagonal polynomial, a binomial, or a form in two variables, then algorithms of Hernández, or Hernández and Teixeira, are executed to compute the $F$-pure threshold of $f$. If $f$ is a product of factors in simple normal crossing, the $F$-pure threshold is easily computed.
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The computation of the $F$-pure threshold of a form $f$ in two variables requires factoring $f$ into linear forms, and can sometimes hang when attempting that factorization. For this reason, when a factorization is already known, the user can pass to fpt a list containing all the pairwise prime linear factors of $f$ and a list containing their respective multiplicities.
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When no special algorithm is available or UseSpecialAlgorithms is set to false, fpt computes $\nu$ = frobeniusNu(e,f), where $e$ is the value of the option DepthOfSearch, which conservatively defaults to 1. At this point, we know that the $F$-pure threshold of $f$ lies in the closed interval [$\nu/(p^e-1),(\nu+1)/p^e$], and the subroutine guessFPT is called to make some "educated guesses" in an attempt to find the $F$-pure threshold, or at least narrow down the above interval. The number of "guesses" is controlled by the option Attempts, which conservatively defaults to 3. If Attempts is set to 0, guessFPT is bypassed. If Attempts is set to at least 1, then a first check is run to verify whether the right-hand endpoint $(\nu+1)/p^e$ of the above interval is the $F$-pure threshold.
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If Attempts is set to at least 2 and the right-hand endpoint $(\nu+1)/p^e$ is not the $F$-pure threshold, a second check is run to verify whether the left-hand endpoint $\nu/(p^e-1)$ is the $F$-pure threshold.
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If neither endpoint is the $F$-pure threshold and Attempts is set to more than 2, then additional checks are performed at numbers in the interval. A number in the interval is selected, according to criteria specified by the option GuessStrategy (see its documentation for details), and compareFPT is used to test that number. If that "guess" is correct, its value is returned; otherwise, the information returned by compareFPT is used to narrow down the interval, and this process is repeated as many times as specified by Attempts.
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The option Bounds allows the user to specify known lower and upper bounds for the $F$-pure threshold of $f$, in order to speed up computations or to refine previously obtained estimates.
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If guessFPT is unsuccessful and FinalAttempt is set to true, the function fpt proceeds to use the convexity of the $F$-signature function and a secant line argument to attempt to narrow down the interval bounding the $F$-pure threshold. If successful, the new lower bound may coincide with the upper bound, in which case we can conclude that it is the desired $F$-pure threshold. If that is not the case, an $F$-regularity check is done at the new lower bound, to verify if it is the $F$-pure threshold.
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The computations performed when FinalAttempt is set to true are often slow, and often fail to improve the estimate, and for this reason, this option should be used sparingly. It is often more effective to increase the values of Attempts or DepthOfSearch, instead.
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As seen in several examples above, when the exact answer is not found, a list containing the endpoints of an interval containing the $F$-pure threshold of $f$ is returned. Whether that interval is open, closed, or a mixed interval depends on the options passed (it will be open whenever Attempts is set to at least 3); if the option Verbose is set to true, the precise interval will be printed.
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Setting the option AtOrigin (default value true) to false can be used to tell the function to compute the $F$-pure threshold globally. In other words, it computes the minimum of the $F$-pure threshold at all maximal ideals.
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In this case, most features enabled by UseSpecialAlgorithms => true are ignored, except for the check for simple normal crossings; FinalAttempt => true is also ignored.
Consider a simple normal crossings case.
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The object fpt is a method function with options.